Common verbs in assignment titles and what they mean

Analyse

Resolve into its component parts. Examine critically or minutely

Assess

Determine the value of

Compare

Look for similarities and differences between. Try to reach a conclusion about which is preferable and justify that conclusion

Contrast

Set in opposition in order to bring out the differences sharply

Compare and contrast

Find some points of common ground between x and y, and show where/how they differ

Criticise

Make a judgement (backed by a discussion of the evidence of reasoning involved) about the merit of theories or opinions or the truth of “facts”

Define

State the exact meaning of a word or phrase. In some cases, it is necessary to examine different possible definitions

Describe

Give a detailed account of

Discuss

Explain, then give two sides of the issue and any implications

Evaluate

Make an appraisal of the validity/effectiveness of something

Explain

Give details about how and why

Illustrate

Make clear and explicit – use carefully chosen examples

Justify

Show adequate grounds for decisions or conclusions. Answer the main objections likely to be made about them

Outline

Give the main features or general principles of a subject, omitting minor details and emphasizing structure

State

Present in a brief, clear form

Summarize

Give a concise, clear explanation – present chief factors

To what extent

Weigh up the evidence/arguments for and against